A driving force in the physical and chemical processes is the increase of disorder: the greater the

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Many important properties of the solutions depend on the number of solute hostess buffet server particles in the solution rather than the nature of the solute particles. These properties are called colligative properties because they have the same origin, that is, all depend on the number of particles are atoms, molecules or ions.
If a nonvolatile solute is the vapor pressure hostess buffet server of its solution is lower than the pure solvent. So that the relationship between the vapor pressure and vapor pressure of the solvent depends on the concentration of the solute in solution. This relationship is given by Raoult's law, which states that the partial pressure of a solvent of a solution is given by the vapor pressure of pure deldisolvente multiplied by the mole fraction of solvent in the solution.
A driving force in the physical and chemical processes is the increase of disorder: the greater the mess created, the more favorable the process. Vaporization increases the disorder in a system because the molecules hostess buffet server in the vapor are not as closely packed and therefore hostess buffet server have less order than the liquid. As a solution is more disordered than the pure solvent, the difference in the clutter between a solution and a vapor is smaller hostess buffet server than that between the pure solvent and a vapor. So the liquid molecules are less likely to leave the solvent to become steam.
The boiling point of a substance is the temperature at which its vapor pressure equal to external atmospheric pressure. As different boiling points and freezing a water solution hostess buffet server of pure water? Adding a nonvolatile solute decreases the vapor pressure of the solution. As seen in Fig curve vapor pressure of the solution hostess buffet server will shift downward curve on the vapor pressure of pure liquid water, at any given temperature, the vapor pressure hostess buffet server of the solution is lower than that of water pure liquid. Considering that the boiling point of a liquid is the temperature at which its vapor pressure is 1 atm. At the normal boiling point of liquid water, the vapor pressure of the solution will be less than 1 atm. Therefore will require a higher temperature to achieve a vapor pressure of 1 atm. And the boiling point is higher than that of liquid water.
To increase relative to the boiling point of the pure solvent, T, is directly proportional to the number of solute particles hostess buffet server per mole of solvent molecules. hostess buffet server Since molality expresses the number of moles of solute per 1000 g of solvent, which represents a fixed number of moles of the solvent. Thus proportional to the molality Tes.
Kb = constant elevation normal boiling point, only depends on the solvent. For water is 0.52 C / m, therefore 1 m aqueous solution of sucrose or other aqueous solution is 1 m nonvolatile solute particles to a temperature ebullirá 0.52 C higher than pure water. hostess buffet server
The lower vapor pressure of a solution relative to pure water, it also affects the freezing point of the solution, this is because when a solution is frozen, the crystals generally pure solvent are separated hostess buffet server in the solute molecules do not normally are soluble in the solid phase of the solvent. For example, when partially frozen hostess buffet server aqueous solutions, the solid which separates pure ice almost hostess buffet server always as a result of the phase diagram in Fig representing the vapor pressure of the solid is the same as for pure liquid water. In this figure it can be seen that the triple point of the solution at a temperature lower than the pure liquid water because the lower vapor pressure of the solution compared to the pure liquid water.
The freezing point of a solution is the temperature at which crystals begin to form pure solvent in equilibrium with the solution. Because the triple point temperature of the solution is lower than that of the pure liquid, the freezing point of the solution will also be lower than the pure liquid hostess buffet server water.
Certain hostess buffet server materials, including many membranes of biological and synthetic substances such as semi-permeable cellophane. When placed in contact with a solution, they allow the passage of some molecules but not others. Generally allow the passage of small molecules like water solvent but block the passage of larger solutes or ions. The semipermeable nature is due to the network of tiny pores of the membrane.
Consider a situation in which only solvent molecules pu