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Air humidity or air humidity is the amount of water vapor in the air, especially in the troposphere (which are also called "bottom layer of the atmosphere"). Although the amount of water in the form of moisture in the atmosphere is very small (about 0.01% of the amount of water on the ground) compared to those on the surface of the Earth (about one billion and 360 million km 2), but it evaporates about 380 thousand km 3 of water up Cover air each year. Including about 60 thousand km 3 evaporate from the continents (lakes, rivers, soil, vegetation); and approximately 320 thousand km 3 evaporate from the oceans and seas. And return the quantity of water to the surface more than one way. In humid areas may reach the humidity to 100% consists of heavy fog, and when approaching the humidity about 30% air becomes dry, which almost feels thirsty. Abound humidity in the coastal cities, especially dihr in the summer. And 60% - 70% during the day with the temperature dihr 38 feels that the temperature is higher dihr than it is in reality, human sweat and get to the point that if you spent a long time in the open infected by drought, and must be transported to the hospital. The humidity is in the fog and dew and wetting.
The air humidity is one of the main engines of the climate (Climate Engine), because of the enormous energy gained or liberated when the water turned from one state to another. It acquires energy when water evaporation amounting to 580 calories per gram of water, with the movement of the steam in the form of latent heat (Lantent heat). When taking into account the amount dihr of the annual evaporation at the level of the globe, it is clear that the process of evaporation, the movement toward 2204 1510 the price of energy to the atmosphere, and so on in the form of latent heat liberated when moisture is condensation in the form of sensible heat. And expresses the air content
It means the mass of water vapor, in a given volume of air. And take the unit grams per cubic meter (g / This is the way non-conservative (non conservative); any that quantity of change, change intensity dihr and / or temperature of the air; but that control the size; since the increase in humidity cause low air density; over from the volume of air per unit mass. either the change in temperature, leads a change in air density and size, relative to unit mass. When increasing temperature, Eetmtdd air, Vekpr cluster size specific, and reduced density. Had cubic meters of air, contains one gram of water, in the form of vapor, the humidity absolute be 1 g / m 3. If raised the temperature of the air, it will expand, as far as heating, to become larger than cubic meters, amounts to 1.1 cubic meters. As the amount of water phones which, in the form of steam, you will not change; reducing the absolute humidity, to become a 1 gram / 1.1 cubic meters, or 0.91 g / m 3.
It means the mass of water vapor, which is located in a particular block of the air component of the dry air and water vapor; dihr and be unity, is a gram per kilogram (g / kg). The humidity qualitative methods of preservation, to express air humidity, ie they are not affected by the change in temperature, and the resulting, from the expansion or contraction, affects the density of the air.
Relative humidity is the ratio of water vapor in the air, to what the latter can carry him, at the same temperature, dihr and atmospheric pressure himself. Calculated moisture-mediated actual quality, humidity and quality Alahbaih, or mediated by water vapor pressure Alahbai, and the actual water vapor pressure, as follows:
Humidity and moisture meant here the water vapor in the atmosphere and the air is not humid unless contained water vapor, not without the lower layers of the atmosphere of water vapor in any way. The water vapor is very small atoms of water volatile in the air, and can not be seen with the naked eye, and the main source of this steam is water bodies, which covers more than two-thirds of the Earth's surface. If increased water vapor in the air has become much moisture dihr and become less if Java, humidity measurement: measured by the degree of atmospheric humidity by a device known as Alheigromtr (Hygromere).
Known as the dew point temperature, which, if it cold air designated to become saturated with water vapor, ie equal to the pressure of water vapor with the actual water vapor pressure Alahbai, or become a relative humidity of 100%. So, whenever the temperature was elevated to the dew point, the moisture content of the air high, and vice versa. And because the dew point, do not change much, during the day, it is one of the conservative values. It can calculate the dew point, to compensate the value of the actual water vapor pressure.
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