While at table with friends, southeastern food merchandisers sometimes receive rather simple querie

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While at table with friends, southeastern food merchandisers sometimes receive rather simple queries like "can you pass the salt? "Or" you like pickles? ". But from time to time, we find ourselves faced with a question more complicated hair, for example, "you could make an accessible introductory southeastern food merchandisers course in physics, about an hour? ". For if, as regular readers may have noticed, I have a tendency to density in my writings, southeastern food merchandisers time enough just to state and describe briefly all branches of the discipline. However, I took up the challenge, by addressing the issue from a historical perspective. I should be able to stay and understandable, even for business school graduates, but I will not go far as to guarantee southeastern food merchandisers the same result for readers Inrocks or Technikart. That said, roll up our sleeves and get into the thick of it.
Already, what physics? The famous Greek philosopher Aristotle defined southeastern food merchandisers it as the study of the causes of natural phenomena, the term 'phenomenon' here denoting a change of state of a substance or object: if we drop a pebble, we can study its movement within physics, while its composition (study of the inert object) rather to the chemistry southeastern food merchandisers and mineralogy. Physics was already studied by the early Greek philosophers, the concept of going back to the pre-Socratic Democritus atom. However, Aristotle was the first to formally define the natural sciences, and physics remained marked his seal until the seventeenth century, or for about 2000 years. Physics is then one of the three branches of theoretical philosophy, the other two being mathematics and theology (later first philosophy southeastern food merchandisers and metaphysics); southeastern food merchandisers other disciplines, concerns the actions of men (logic, ethics, aesthetics ...), constituted practical philosophy.
This classification is far from trivial, since the fate of physics was (and still is) linked to that of its two disciplines "sisters". Indeed, it has long been empirical, working on the "trial and error" principle. It was not until the seventeenth century that the father of modern physics, Italian Galileo (Galileo Galilei) southeastern food merchandisers introduced the notion of theoretical model, conceptual whole tested by controlled experiments and using a mathematical formalism to describe natural phenomena. And if mathematics accompany southeastern food merchandisers man since the beginning of civilization, the concept of abstract model is a European specificity. According to some historians, it was probably made possible by the medieval tradition of metaphysical and theological speculation known as scholasticism. Thus was born the physics as we know it today (or almost), but that should not make us forget the inventive prowess of past centuries, including the Middle Ages (Gothic art, beyond a aesthetics, is a civil engineering revolution based on techniques of great ingenuity). The modeling also helps to distinguish more clearly certain body of knowledge as disciplines.
The first born is the mechanics, the study of movement in itself. The first technical southeastern food merchandisers application was ballistics, the study of the trajectory of projectiles. But soon, through the formulation of universal gravitation by the famous physicist, English mathematician and alchemist Isaac Newton was born of celestial mechanics, the study of the trajectories of planets according to astronomical observation. The result was what is called the Copernican revolution (named after the Polish astronomer Copernicus) that is the final switch from a geocentric to heliocentric planetary system that we have now.
The needs of astronomical observation, precisely, led to the birth of the optics. southeastern food merchandisers If eyeglasses, based on Arabic southeastern food merchandisers science, have existed southeastern food merchandisers since the Middle Ages, it was Galileo who manufactured the first telescope, which allowed him for the first time, to observe the rings of Saturn. From a theoretical point of view, it was at this time that we formulated the laws of geometrical optics (the study of the trajectory